{"id":29773,"date":"2024-07-14T22:56:56","date_gmt":"2024-07-14T22:56:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/questions\/empirical-research-article-from-a-peer-reviewed-academic-journal-the-review-must-incorporate-your-topic-with-the-formal-response-of-either-law-enforcement-law-adjudication-or-penology-to-street-cri\/"},"modified":"2024-07-14T22:56:56","modified_gmt":"2024-07-14T22:56:56","slug":"empirical-research-article-from-a-peer-reviewed-academic-journal-the-review-must-incorporate-your-topic-with-the-formal-response-of-either-law-enforcement-law-adjudication-or-penology-to-street-cri","status":"publish","type":"questions","link":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/questions\/empirical-research-article-from-a-peer-reviewed-academic-journal-the-review-must-incorporate-your-topic-with-the-formal-response-of-either-law-enforcement-law-adjudication-or-penology-to-street-cri\/","title":{"rendered":"empirical research article from a peer-reviewed academic journal  The review must incorporate your topic with the formal response of either law enforcement, law adjudication, or penology to street crime"},"content":{"rendered":"<ol style=\"margin-top: 1em; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-size: 19px; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Review an empirical research article from a peer-reviewed academic journal using Locke, Silverman, and Spirduso&#8217;s&nbsp;<em style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">12 Steps to Understanding Research.&nbsp;<\/em>The fourth review must incorporate your topic with the formal response of either law enforcement, law adjudication, or penology to the topic of street crime<\/li>\n<li style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<table style=\"font-size: medium; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<tbody style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<tr style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 0in 5.4pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 17px; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Purpose and general rationale (Form 7.1, Step 1)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin-bottom: 0in; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0in; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Describe, in broad terms and in paragraph form, what was the purpose of the study and how did the author(s) make a case for its general importance.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 17px; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Fit and specific rationale (Form 7.1., Step 2)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin-bottom: 0in; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0in; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Describe in paragraph form how does the topic of study fits into the existing research literature, and how is that provenance used to make a specific case for the investigation.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 17px; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Participants &amp; Context (Form 7.1, Steps 3 &amp; 4)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin-bottom: 0in; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0in; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Describe in paragraph form who was studied (give number and characteristics) and how they were selected. Describe where and when the study took place, including important characteristics.<\/b>&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 17px; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Steps in Sequence (Form 7.1, Step 6)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin-bottom: 0in; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0in; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">In the order performed, describe in paragraph form the main procedural steps in the study. Describe (or diagram in a flowchart) the order of and any important relationships among the steps.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 17px; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Data, Analysis &amp; Results (Form 7.1, Steps 7, 8, &amp; 9)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin-bottom: 0in; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0in; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Describe in paragraph form what constituted data in the study (e.g., test scores, questionnaire responses, frequency counts), how it was collected, and the role of the investigator(s) in the process. Describe what form of data analysis was used, and what were the specific questions it was designed to answer. Describe any statistical operations employed in the study. Describe in paragraph form the primary results (i.e., products or findings produced by the analysis of data) of the study.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 17px; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Conclusions (Form 7.1, Step 10)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin-bottom: 0in; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0in; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Describe in paragraph form what the author(s) asserted about the results of the study in response to the fit and specific rationale of the study. Describe how the events and experiences of the entire study contributed to that conclusion.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 17px; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Cautions &amp; Discussion (Form 7.1, Steps 11 &amp; 12)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin-bottom: 0in; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0in; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Describe in paragraph form any cautions that were raised by the author(s) about the study itself or about interpreting the results. Include any of your own reservations. Describe any interesting facts or ideas learned from reading the study report. Include anything that was of value, including results, research designs and methods, references, instruments, history, useful arguments, or personal inspiration.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 17px; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Citation (Form 7.1, Step 1)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin-bottom: 0in; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0in; font-size: 17px; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">What study report is this? Record a complete reference citation.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 17px; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">&nbsp;<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div style=\"font-size: medium; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><br style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><\/p>\n<div style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0in 0in 8pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 17px; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">When reviewing the empirical research articles, follow Locke et al.&#8217;s &#8220;12 Steps to Understanding&#8221; from their book<span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">&nbsp;<\/span><i style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Reading and Understanding Research.<\/i><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">&nbsp;<\/span>Each step of their technique for reviewing articles must be followed precisely and in order. It is possible to combine steps as I have done in the template above, but do not skip steps! The following templates may be helpful as long as you convert the information that you collect on them into paragraph or essay format before you turn in the review:&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 0in 0in 5pt; font-size: medium; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0in; padding: 0in; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 17px; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">How to Recognize Empirical Journal Articles<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin: 0in 0in 11.25pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 17px; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Definition of an empirical study:<\/b>&nbsp;An empirical research article reports the results of a study that uses data derived from actual observation or experimentation. Empirical research articles are examples of primary research.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 17px; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Parts of a standard empirical research article:&nbsp;<\/b>(articles will not necessary use the exact terms listed below)<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0in; font-size: medium; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0in 20px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Abstract<\/b>&nbsp;&#8230; A paragraph length description of what the study includes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0in 20px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Introduction<\/b>&#8230;Includes a statement of the hypotheses for the research and a review of other research on the topic.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0in 20px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Method<\/b>&nbsp;&#8230;A description of how the research was conducted, such as:<\/span>\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0in; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0in 40px; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Who are participants<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0in 40px; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Design of the study<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0in 40px; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">What the participants did<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0in 40px; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">What measures were used<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0in 20px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Results<\/b>&#8230;Describes the outcomes of the measures of the study.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0in 20px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Discussion<\/b>&#8230;Contains the interpretations and implications of the study.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0in 20px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">References<\/b>&#8230;Contains citation information on the material cited in the report. (also called bibliography or works cited)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 17px; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Characteristics of an Empirical Article:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0in; font-size: medium; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0in 20px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Empirical articles will include charts, graphs, or statistical analysis.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0in 20px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Empirical research articles are usually substantial, maybe from 8-30 pages long.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0in 20px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">There is always a bibliography found at the end of the article.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 17px; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Type of publications that publish empirical studies:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0in 0in 8pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 17px; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0in; font-size: medium; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0in 20px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Empirical research articles are published in scholarly or academic journals<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0in 20px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">These journals are also called \u201cpeer-reviewed,\u201d or \u201crefereed\u201d publications.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0in 20px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">REMEMBER: THE TOPIC IS STREET CRIME<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Review an empirical research article from a peer-reviewed academic journal using Locke, Silverman, and Spirduso&#8217;s&nbsp;12 Steps to Understanding Research.&nbsp;The fourth review must incorporate your topic with the formal response of either law enforcement, law adjudication, or penology to the topic of street crime Purpose and general rationale (Form 7.1, Step 1) Describe, in broad terms [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"disciplines":[34],"paper_types":[],"tagged":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/questions\/29773"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/questions"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/questions"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29773"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/questions\/29773\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29773"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"disciplines","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/disciplines?post=29773"},{"taxonomy":"paper_types","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/paper_types?post=29773"},{"taxonomy":"tagged","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tagged?post=29773"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}