{"id":28741,"date":"2024-06-25T11:30:34","date_gmt":"2024-06-25T11:30:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/questions\/third-party-funding-in-international-commercial-arbitration-imposed-challenges-and-comparative-analysis-of-approaches\/"},"modified":"2024-06-25T11:30:34","modified_gmt":"2024-06-25T11:30:34","slug":"third-party-funding-in-international-commercial-arbitration-imposed-challenges-and-comparative-analysis-of-approaches","status":"publish","type":"questions","link":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/questions\/third-party-funding-in-international-commercial-arbitration-imposed-challenges-and-comparative-analysis-of-approaches\/","title":{"rendered":"Third-Party Funding in International Commercial Arbitration: Imposed Challenges and Comparative Analysis of Approaches."},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"margin-bottom: 8pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Commercial disputes will always occur despite<br \/>\nthe fact that parties invest an extensive amount of funds to make sure their<br \/>\ncontracts are adequate and courteous. Even though litigation is a<br \/>\nwell-established method of resolving disputes, arbitration has recently gained<br \/>\npopularity as a quicker and less costly option.<a style=\"cursor: auto;\"><sup style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><sup style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">[1]<\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/sup><\/a><br \/>\nNevertheless, in the case of international commercial arbitration, some parties<br \/>\nface financial difficulties in ensuring access to justice since the expenses<br \/>\nare relatively high, therefore the dramatic rise of third-party funding (TPF)<br \/>\nwas understandable. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 8pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">The definition of TPF can shortly be described<br \/>\nas a third-party contributing funds to help cover the expenses of an<br \/>\narbitration party (usually the claimant\u2019s). While some have commended TPF for<br \/>\nimproving access to justice, others have condemned the sector for issues that<br \/>\nshould not be overlooked.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 8pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Firstly, since the funder will require some<br \/>\ncontrol over its investment\u2014especially concerning any settlement that is<br \/>\nproposed\u2014there will unavoidably be a loss of autonomy.<a style=\"cursor: auto;\"><sup style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><sup style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">[2]<\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/sup><\/a><br \/>\nAlthough interests should coincide, if they start to differ in terms of<br \/>\napproach, this can cause tension in the partnership and even give rise to<br \/>\nconflicts of interest.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 8pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Secondly, funders stay typically unrelated to<br \/>\nlegal disputes since they are focused on their returns on investment.<a style=\"cursor: auto;\"><sup style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><sup style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">[3]<\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/sup><\/a><br \/>\nAs such, they may try to control or object to disclosure in order to protect<br \/>\ntheir business secrets and potentially their involvement in disputes. However,<br \/>\nthere has been a tendency to necessitate the disclosure of the third-party<br \/>\nfunder. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Finally, <span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">there<br \/>\nis a possibility that conflicts of interest may emerge if the funder finances<br \/>\nother cases in which the arbitrator has a stake because of the law firm where<br \/>\nthe arbitrator practices. This is due to the fact that many arbitrators have<br \/>\nlegal backgrounds, and it is understood that they would be reluctant to rule<br \/>\nagainst a party that has received funding from the same source that is<br \/>\nsupporting claims made by their clients\u2019 law firms because doing so may<br \/>\njeopardize the funder\u2019s capacity to continue finance other claims.<a style=\"cursor: auto;\"><sup style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><sup style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">[4]<\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/sup><\/a><br \/>\nThe issue of conflicts of interest is among the factors that have made it<br \/>\ncrucial that such arrangements are to be disclosed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">The thesis, therefore, provides answers to the<br \/>\nfollowing research questions:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Principal legal questions<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0cm; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">To what extent should third party funding<br \/>\n     be disclosed in Arbitration? <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Should third party funding be disclosed?<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">What if it is not disclosed, what are the<br \/>\n     consequences.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">What if it is found before arbitration or<br \/>\n     during or after.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">How are the international institutions and<br \/>\n     the countries such as the UK, USA, France, and China dealing with these<br \/>\n     drawbacks?<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"color: inherit; background-color: var(--color-6); font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-family: Poppins, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;;\">Preliminary<br \/>\nlegal questions:<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><br style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><\/p>\n<hr style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<div style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<p style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><a style=\"cursor: auto;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">[1]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><br \/>\n<span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Richard Summerfield, \u2018<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Third-party funding in international commercial<br \/>\narbitration<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\u2019 (2017) Financier Worldwide <a style=\"cursor: auto;\">www.financierworldwide.com\/third-party-funding-in-international-commercial-arbitration<\/a><br \/>\naccessed 15 February 2024.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<p style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><a style=\"cursor: auto;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">[2]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Dalal Alhouti, \u2018<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Disclosing Third-Party Funding in International<br \/>\nArbitration: Where Are We Now?<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\u2019 (Charles Russell<br \/>\nSpeechlys, 29 November 2022) <a style=\"cursor: auto;\">www.charlesrussellspeechlys.com\/en\/insights\/expert-insights\/litigation&#8211;dispute-resolution\/2022\/disclosure-obligations-and-third-party-funding\/<\/a><br \/>\naccessed 20 February 2024.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<p style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><a style=\"cursor: auto;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">[3]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"> Lisa Bench Nieuwveld and<br \/>\nVictoria Shannon Sahani, <i style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Third-Party Funding in International Arbitration<\/i><br \/>\n(2nd edn, Wolters Kluwer: 2017) <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">31.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<p style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><a style=\"cursor: auto;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">[4]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Alhouti (n 2).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0cm; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">To what degree does it impact the parties\u2019<br \/>\n     relationships and create potential conflicts of interest when a<br \/>\n     third-party funder gains control over the settlement negotiations and<br \/>\n     strategic decisions in proceedings?<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">What are the legal grounds for disclosing<br \/>\n     third-party funders and is it necessary to do so to all types of funders?<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">What conflict of interest may arise in a<br \/>\n     case where the funder finances other claims that the arbitrator has an<br \/>\n     interest in and how this issue can be mitigated through disclosure?<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">What are the solutions to minimize the<br \/>\n     inadequate effects of third-party funding (TPF)?<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><b style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Methodology<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">The methodology is an essential aspect of the<br \/>\nresearch, as it plays a vital role in conducting the investigation. Therefore,<br \/>\nthe thesis will apply both the doctrinal method and the comparative method of<br \/>\nanalysis, to answer the research questions provided. The doctrinal method of<br \/>\nresearch includes sources of data such as the laws themselves, cases made in<br \/>\naccordance with the laws, and literature and commentary on the laws.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">The primary sources of the study consist of national<br \/>\nlaws, international legislation (international rules, treaties, and<br \/>\nconventions), and national and international court cases. Researching the<br \/>\nlandmark cases of various countries and international tribunals, such as, the<br \/>\nUnited States of America (hereinafter \u201cUSA\u201d), the United Kingdom (hereinafter \u201cUK\u201d)<br \/>\nand France forms part of the research on the primary sources. Books, articles,<br \/>\nand commentaries are included as secondary data. This research is comparatively<br \/>\nbased, as it differentiates the national and international approaches in dealing<br \/>\nwith third-party funding (TPF).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">The thesis<br \/>\nwill initially try to explicate the concept of TPF and seek to achieve a better<br \/>\nunderstanding of the potentials and drawbacks of it. Subsequently, this thesis<br \/>\nwill argue about the disclosure being the prospective solution to minimize the<br \/>\nrisks and broaden the growth of TPF. Therefore, this thesis will discuss the consequences<br \/>\nof disclosure before, after or during arbitration proceedings and will<br \/>\ndetermine the most favorable among them. Eventually, the thesis will focus on<br \/>\nthe ways how the most preferred seats for international commercial arbitration,<br \/>\nnamely London, Hong Kong, Singapore, Paris and Geneva employ disclosure to deal<br \/>\nwith the risks of TPF.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Commercial disputes will always occur despite the fact that parties invest an extensive amount of funds to make sure their contracts are adequate and courteous. Even though litigation is a well-established method of resolving disputes, arbitration has recently gained popularity as a quicker and less costly option.[1] Nevertheless, in the case of international commercial arbitration, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"disciplines":[],"paper_types":[],"tagged":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/questions\/28741"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/questions"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/questions"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28741"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/questions\/28741\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28741"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"disciplines","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/disciplines?post=28741"},{"taxonomy":"paper_types","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/paper_types?post=28741"},{"taxonomy":"tagged","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tagged?post=28741"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}