{"id":27105,"date":"2024-05-30T08:18:38","date_gmt":"2024-05-30T08:18:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/questions\/slavery-is-illegal-everywhere-yet-it-also-occurs-everywhere-is-the-criminalization-of-modern-day-slavery-a-morally-adequate-response-to-the-problem\/"},"modified":"2024-05-30T08:18:38","modified_gmt":"2024-05-30T08:18:38","slug":"slavery-is-illegal-everywhere-yet-it-also-occurs-everywhere-is-the-criminalization-of-modern-day-slavery-a-morally-adequate-response-to-the-problem","status":"publish","type":"questions","link":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/questions\/slavery-is-illegal-everywhere-yet-it-also-occurs-everywhere-is-the-criminalization-of-modern-day-slavery-a-morally-adequate-response-to-the-problem\/","title":{"rendered":"Slavery is illegal everywhere, yet it also occurs everywhere. Is the criminalization of modern day slavery a morally adequate response to the problem?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Quotes <\/span><\/p>\n

or instance, that young women work a double shift seven days a week to sew clothing for an average wage of 22 cents (USD) an hour, <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Government inaction on global social justice responsibility is of central inter- est in political science. It shows that existing political institutions charged with caring for the world are not proving that they can successfully take responsibility for global problems. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

This discouraging conclusion suggests that tra- ditional government political responsibility, which is premised on the existence of state authority (jurisdiction) for problem solving and identifiable actors that can be made legally accountable for their specific actions, are ill suited to take charge of solving pressing complex global problems. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Reformers, as antisweatshop activists were then called, made political claims about sweatshop wrongdoings. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

who testified publicly that consumers were behind \u201csome of the worst evils from which producers suffer\u201d and that they had the duty \u201cto find out under what conditions the articles they purchase are produced and distributed <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Antisweatshop reformers used a variety of tactics to promote their cause. They investigated sweatshops, informed and educated the public <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Shortly afterwards, the antisweatshop movement gained momentum. Old, established civil society organizations learned to spice up their traditional social justice message with the help of spin-doctor, PR-oriented Internet-based advo- cacy groups like Global Exchange (from 1988). Global Exchange used its media talents to focus public and media attention on celebrity corporate leaders\u2014in par- ticular, Nike CEO Phil Knight and Kathie Lee Gifford, U.S. talk show host with her own brand name clothes\u2014whose corporations were key targets of antisweat- shop activism (Bullert 2000). <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

This concentration on logos and CEO celebrities used buyer-driven corporate vulnerabilities well and gave the sweatshop problem cultural resonance by showing the relationship between important consumer sym- bols in the cultural environment and social justice responsibility-taking <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Many of the newer groups focus on the market as an arena for politics and have \u201cclean clothes\u201d as a main focus while others concentrate exclusively on unsat- isfactory conditions in the garment industry <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Creative forms of individualized collec- tive action, attention to the role of production and consumption in global politics, and use of the Internet facilitate the building of bridges and coalitions between tra- ditional membership groups and those groups whose legitimacy and support are crafted online <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

However, a study of documents and interviews with key movement actors (UNITE HERE!, Global Unions, CCC, USAS, Oxfam, Global Exchange, and Adbusters Media Foundation) representing important parts of the movement (unions, specific antisweatshop associations, international humanitarian organi- zations, and Internet spin doctors) shows that these organizations mobilize consumers to play different roles in the antisweatshop struggle <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

They are (1) support group for a broader cause, (2) critical mass of fair trade shoppers, (3) \u201cspearhead force\u201d of corporate change, and (4) ontological agent of societal change. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Even though most other antisweatshop activists support the union cause, they also want consumers to play a more dynamic and independent role. For them, consumers\u2014not unions\u2014can become the countervailing power to corporations. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Oxfam International (2006) stated that aware and mobilized consumers can \u201cuse their purchasing power to tilt the bal- ance, however slightly, in favour of the poor.\u201d <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cbrand name companies compete intensely for consumer loyalty, and therefore consumers can influence how these companies operate\u201d (CCC 2006). <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Only enlightened and reformed consumers can play this powerful role because unions are stuck in \u201can old leftist paradigm\u201d that promotes workers\u2019 self-interests and unsustainable economic growth and are therefore unable to solve pressing global problems, <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

The antisweatshop movement has succeeded in formulating the sweatshop problem in a way that resonates well in Western democratic cultures. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Still, these policy changes may just be \u201csweatwash,\u201d meaning that logo corpo- rations change their policy to manage activism and dodge activist and media crit- icism <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Not only were diamonds sexy, but the strength of this message was also the result of its connection with \u201cthe repulsive fascination of Africa in the occidental imaginary\u201d (Amselle 2000). Many people know about the genocide committed in Cambodia, but this knowledge does not compare with the widespread imaginative geography of Africa as the \u201cDark Continent\u201d. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

In many conflict diamond narratives, political leaders, combatants and miners were often indiscriminately conflated into one single category of \u201cgreedy thugs\u201d; even if the status of alluvial diamond diggers as victims and legitimate political agents rightly seeking social change, as well as their social diversity have been documented <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Not only does the economic marginalization of artisanal miners and small traders represent a case of structural violence, but fencing out \u201cillegal miners\u201d is also frequently marked by physical violence often embroiling identity politics <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Arguably, this narrow definition of conflict diamonds\u2014and its legitimating effect for the rest of the industry\u2014aided the successful conclusion of the Kimberley Process <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Like De Beers, the rest of the industry recognized that luxury goods such as diamonds may be vulnerable to a consumer boycott. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

In addition to the classic myth-making images of diamonds as symbols of love and desire, Canadian diamonds were marketed as \u201cpure\u201d, \u201cblood- shed free\u201d, or \u201csocially conscious\u201d (Stueck 2003). <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ironically, the lasting effects of linking diamonds with violence may not be ethical consumption, but rather a stronger dystopian vision of Africa and legitimated position for large \u201creputable\u201d (western) companies over smaller local and regional operators. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

In the consumer dystopias emerging from these narratives, violence was a purely criminal enterprise driven by \u201cgreed\u201d, or a senseless attack on \u201cfreedom\u201d, rather than the outcome of exploitative and exclusionary histories and uneven development.<\/span><\/p>\n


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https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/23322705.2020.1690117
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https:\/\/www.cfr.org\/blog\/palermo-protocol-and-next-twenty-years-global-fight-against-modern-slavery<\/span><\/p>\n


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Format Requirements<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n