{"id":20288,"date":"2024-04-08T23:29:09","date_gmt":"2024-04-08T23:29:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/questions\/the-overrepresentation-of-black-individuals-in-the-criminal-justice-system-and-its-factors\/"},"modified":"2024-04-08T23:29:09","modified_gmt":"2024-04-08T23:29:09","slug":"the-overrepresentation-of-black-individuals-in-the-criminal-justice-system-and-its-factors","status":"publish","type":"questions","link":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/questions\/the-overrepresentation-of-black-individuals-in-the-criminal-justice-system-and-its-factors\/","title":{"rendered":"The overrepresentation of Black individuals in the criminal justice system and its factors"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">The course project provides students with an opportunity to research any topic, theme, issue, or development in the field of African American studies. Students will define a research topic and line of inquiry, conduct independent research to analyze primary and secondary sources from multiple disciplines, and develop an evidence based written argument. Students should apply the tools African American studies scholars embrace, including analyzing multiple perspectives and integrating evidence from multiple disciplines (e.g. history, art, music, political science).&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: inherit; background-color: var(--color-6); font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-family: Poppins, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;; font-size: 11pt; cursor: auto;\">Each student&#8217;s project should have a word count of <\/span><span style=\"color: inherit; background-color: var(--color-6); font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-family: Poppins, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;; font-weight: 700; font-size: 11pt; cursor: auto;\">1200-1500 ords<\/span><span style=\"color: inherit; background-color: var(--color-6); font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-family: Poppins, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;; font-size: 11pt; cursor: auto;\"> and must be anchored in at least <\/span><span style=\"color: inherit; background-color: var(--color-6); font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-family: Poppins, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;; font-weight: 700; font-size: 11pt; cursor: auto;\">4 sources<\/span><span style=\"color: inherit; background-color: var(--color-6); font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-family: Poppins, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;; font-size: 11pt; cursor: auto;\">, at least two of which&nbsp; and potentially all of which&nbsp; are secondary sources that reveal distinct and differentiated perspectives on the topic the student selects. <\/span><span style=\"color: inherit; background-color: var(--color-6); font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-family: Poppins, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;; font-weight: 700; font-size: 11pt; cursor: auto;\">Citations<\/span><span style=\"color: inherit; background-color: var(--color-6); font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-family: Poppins, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;; font-size: 11pt; cursor: auto;\"> must follow an accepted bibliographic citation style (MLA). Students must attest that the written argument submitted is their own work.&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: inherit; font-size: 12pt; background-color: var(--color-6); font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-family: Poppins, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;;\">In your written argument, you should do the following:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/span><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><\/p>\n<ul style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\" aria-level=\"1\" aria-checked=\"false\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">1. Make a defensible claim that establishes a line of reasoning.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><br style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><\/p>\n<ul style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\" aria-level=\"1\" aria-checked=\"false\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">2. Support your argument using credible evidence strategically selected from multiple sources.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<ul style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\" aria-level=\"2\" aria-checked=\"false\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">a. Evidence must be drawn from at least four different sources.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\" aria-level=\"2\" aria-checked=\"false\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">b. At least two secondary sources must be used and cited.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\" aria-level=\"2\" aria-checked=\"false\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">c. All sources used in your written argument must be cited using appropriate bibliographic citations (MLA, APA, Chicago, etc.).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p><br style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><\/p>\n<ul style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\" aria-level=\"1\" aria-checked=\"false\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">3. Demonstrate how the evidence supports the line of reasoning developed in the argument. Your line of reasoning should drive the selection and quantity of evidence needed to effectively support your argument. A well supported argument requires multiple pieces of evidence that explore all facets of the line of reasoning.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><br style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><\/p>\n<ul style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\" aria-level=\"1\" aria-checked=\"false\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">4. Explain how the perspectives of at least two sources provide greater nuance in understanding the selected project topic when placed in dialogue with each other.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><br style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><\/p>\n<ul style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\" aria-level=\"1\" aria-checked=\"false\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">5. Type the following: attestation at the bottom of your written argument: I attest that the submission is entirely my own work, and I have followed the instructions for this submission to the best of my ability.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div>These are my research questions:&nbsp;<\/div>\n<p><\/span><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><\/p>\n<ul style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.8; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Are there correlations between socioeconomic factors, such as poverty and education, and involvement in the criminal justice system within the Black population?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.8; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">What are the main factors contributing to disparities in crime rates among different racial groups?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.8; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">How do sentencing guidelines and policies contribute to the overrepresentation of Black<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.8; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">individuals in prisons, and what reforms have been proposed to address this issue?&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.8; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.8; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">This is my thesis:&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: inherit; font-size: 11pt; background-color: var(--color-6); font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-family: Poppins, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;;\">The overrepresentation of Black individuals in the United States criminal justice system is primarily driven by socioeconomic factors such as poverty and education, worsened by the over-policing of communities with significant Black populations, discriminatory policies and sentencing guidelines, ultimately forcing Black individuals and communities to face the repercussions of the system.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.8; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"color: inherit; font-size: 11pt; background-color: var(--color-6); font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-family: Poppins, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;;\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.8; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Primary citation #1: Racial Disparities in U.S. jails<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.pewtrusts.org\/en\/research-and-analysis\/issue-briefs\/2023\/05\/racial-<br \/>\ndisparities-persist-in-many-us-jails#:~:text=Research%20has%20shown%20that<br \/>\n%20Black, as%20incarceration%20rather%20than%20probation.&nbsp;<span style=\"color: inherit; font-size: 11pt; background-color: var(--color-6); font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-family: Poppins, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, &quot;Noto Sans&quot;, sans-serif, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;;\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.8; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.8; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Primary citation #2:&nbsp;Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS)<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/bjs.ojp.gov\/library\/publications\/race-and-hispanic-origin-victims-and-<br \/>\noffenders-2012-15#0-0<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.8; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.8; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Primary citation #3:&nbsp;Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) &#8211; Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR):<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.fbi.gov\/news\/press-releases\/fbi-releases-2022-crime-in-the-nation-<br \/>\n#3<br \/>\nNotes<br \/>\nstatistics<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.8; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.8; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">secondary citation #4:&nbsp;National Institute of Justice (NIJ):<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/nij.ojp.gov\/topics\/articles\/race-trust-and-police-legitimacy<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.8; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.8; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Secondary citation #5:&nbsp;American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU):<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.aclu.org\/documents\/aclu-criminal-law-reform-project<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.8; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.8; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Secondary citation #6:&nbsp;How Mass Incarceration Deepens Inequality and Harms Public Safety<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.sentencingproject.org\/publications\/one-in-five-how-mass-incarceration-<br \/>\ndeepens-inequality-and-harms-public-safety\/<\/p>\n<p><br style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><br style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><\/span><br style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The course project provides students with an opportunity to research any topic, theme, issue, or development in the field of African American studies. Students will define a research topic and line of inquiry, conduct independent research to analyze primary and secondary sources from multiple disciplines, and develop an evidence based written argument. Students should apply [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"disciplines":[30],"paper_types":[],"tagged":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/questions\/20288"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/questions"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/questions"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20288"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/questions\/20288\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20288"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"disciplines","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/disciplines?post=20288"},{"taxonomy":"paper_types","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/paper_types?post=20288"},{"taxonomy":"tagged","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.writemyessays.app\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tagged?post=20288"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}