Create a PowerPoint presentation (minimum 10 slides) that demonstrates the use of professional guidelines and tools that create a strategy for dealing with an ethical dilemma in a simulated case study. Analyze the usefulness of those guidelines and tools.<\/p>\n
Note:<\/strong> <\/span>You are strongly encouraged to complete the assessments in this course in the order in which they are presented.<\/p>\n Ethical principles, professional standards, theories, and decision-making models provide guides for navigating complex moral choices in professional contexts.<\/p>\n An ethical dilemma is a situation that is difficult to resolve because no course of action will be a perfect solution. In such situations, critically analyzing and thinking about all applicable ethical principles and standards is important. Even then, it can be hard to make ethical decisions, but decisions must be made. Often, avoidance of making a decision is a decision within itself, and it can bring the worst possible outcome.<\/p>\n The process for solving ethical dilemmas can be multifaceted. You must consider all parts of a situation in order to make an informed and responsible decision about how to proceed ethically. The more layers, the more difficult an ethical dilemma is to resolve.<\/p>\n The American Psychological Association’s “Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct” and similar standards developed by other professional organizations are important sources of guidance. Ethical theories provide general frameworks for evaluating ethical positions. In addition, ethical decision-making models are important tools to resolve ethical dilemmas. These two concepts can be confusing.<\/p>\n To deepen your understanding, you are encouraged to consider the questions below and discuss them with a fellow learner, a work associate, an interested friend, or a member of your professional community.<\/p>\n Note<\/strong>: The assessments in this course build upon each other, so you are strongly encouraged to complete them in sequence.<\/p>\n Use the <\/span>Ethics Case Study Template [PPTX]<\/a> <\/span><\/span>Download Ethics Case Study Template [PPTX]<\/span><\/a><\/span>to complete your Ethics Case Study assessment. <\/span>Do not submit a paper for this assessment. Papers will not be graded.<\/strong><\/p>\n Review <\/span>Fisher’s Ethical Decision-Making Model<\/a> <\/span>to support your work on this assessment.<\/p>\n Click the links provided below to view the following multimedia pieces:<\/p>\n Download and use the Ethics Case Study Template. You will complete this assessment by replacing all language that is enclosed with brackets [\u2026] in the PowerPoint with your own words. As in the previous assessment, you may enhance the design of the presentation to make it more effective. Again, links to tips for using PowerPoint and designing effective presentations are provided in PowerPoint Resources activity.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n Your PowerPoint should include the following:<\/p>\n By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:<\/p>\n Ethical reasoning models have been posited to help you think about how you approach ethical dilemmas. It is “why” we make a decision. In this assessment, you will be researching ethical theories and applying them to an ethical dilemma. Note that ethical theories are not theoretical orientations. You should not attempt to mesh an ethical theory with your professional identity. Rather, you should consider the utility of all of the theories. <\/span><\/p>\n Ethical decision-making models describe “how” we go about making an ethical decision. In Fisher’s 2023 book, <\/span>Decoding the Ethics Code<\/em>, she proposes a highly recommended eight-step ethical decision-making model:<\/p>\n This model takes into consideration the importance of ethical commitment, awareness, and competence, and is designed to help you start the process of learning how to make sound ethical decisions. Interestingly, this decision-making model mirrors the three stages of therapy: exploration, insight, and action. Steps 1\u20133 are focused more on exploring the whole ethical dilemma. For example, Step 2 suggests that you familiarize yourself with the standards that apply to this situation and anticipate any further ethical issues that may arise in the situation. Steps 4\u20135 promote insight into the ethical situation in question. Step 4 proposes that you consider the impact of the situation on all parties involved, not just yourself. Last, Steps 6\u20138 encourage taking action in the situation. <\/span><\/p>\n Fisher, C. B. (2023). <\/span>Decoding the ethics code: A practical guide for psychologists<\/em> <\/span>(5th ed.). Sage.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n The ethical position to do what is right out of duty or obligation. It is often called rule-based ethics.<\/em><\/p>\n Deontology has been described as “absolutist,” “universal,” and “impersonal” (Kant, 1785\/1959). It prioritizes absolute obligations over consequences. In this moral framework, ethical decision making is the rational act of applying universal principles to all situations irrespective of specific relations, contexts, or consequences. This reflects Immanuel Kant’s conviction that ethical decisions cannot vary or be influenced by special circumstances or relationships. Rather, a decision is “moral” only if a rational person believes the act resulting from the decision should be universally followed in all situations. For Kant, respect for the worth of all persons was one such universal principle. A course of action that results in a person being used simply as a means for others’ gains would ethically unacceptable.<\/p>\n With respect to deception in research, from a deontological perspective, since we would not believe it moral to intentionally deceive individuals in some other context, neither potential benefits to society nor the effectiveness of participant debriefing for a particular deception study can morally justify intentionally deceiving persons about the purpose or nature of a research study. Further, deception in research would not be ethically permissible since intentionally disguising the nature of the study for the goals of research violates the moral obligation to respect each participant’s intrinsic worth by undermining individuals’ right to make rational and autonomous decisions regarding participation (Fisher & Fyrberg, 1994).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n The ethical position depends on the consequences of the action with the goal being producing the most good.<\/em><\/p>\n Utilitarian theory prioritizes the consequences (or utility) of an act over the application of universal principles (Mill, 1861\/1957). From this perspective, an ethical decision is situation specific and must be governed by a risk-benefit calculus that determines which act will produce the greatest possible balance of good over bad consequences. An “act utilitarian” makes an ethical decision by evaluating the consequences of an act for a given situation. A “rule utilitarian” makes an ethical decision by evaluating whether following a general rule in all similar situation would create the greater good. Like deontology, utilitarianism is impersonal: It does not take into account interpersonal and relational features of ethical responsibility. From this perspective, psychologists’ obligations to those with whom they work can be superseded by an action that would produce a greater good for others (Fisher, 1999).<\/p>\n A psychologist adhering to act utilitarianism might decide that the potential knowledge about social behavior generated by a specific deception study could produce benefits for many members of society, thereby justifying the minimal risk of harm and violation of autonomy rights for a few research participants. A rule utilitarian might decide against the use of deception in all research studies because the unknown benefits to society did not outweigh the potential harm to the discipline of psychology if society began to see it as an untrustworthy science.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
Preparation<\/h2>\n
Capella Multimedia<\/h3>\n
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The Presentation<\/h2>\n
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Fisher\u2019s Ethical Decision-making Model<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n
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Reference <\/span><\/h5>\n
Deontology<\/span><\/a><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/span>Utilitarianism<\/span><\/a><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n