Legal Analysis of The Involvement of Third Parties’ Participation in the International Armed Conflicts

Dear Writer,

I’d like you to rewrite my Chapters 1 and 2 of my Bachelor diploma thesis: “Legal Analysis of the Involvement of Third Parties’ Participation in the International Armed Conflicts,” and write Chapter 3, Introduction, Conclusion from scratch. I’ll attach the Word document containing my current drafts of Chapters 1 and 2 with all supervisor comments embedded;

Full Official Table of Contents (Generally the table of contents can be fixed and changed a bit, if needed):

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction

Chapter 1. Description and types of armed conflicts, historical context, and international organizations.

1.1 Historical background of armed conflicts and development of international humanitarian law and conventions.

1.2 Understanding armed conflicts – definitions and the involvement of external actors.

1.3 Role of International organizations in armed conflicts.

Chapter 2. The navigation through international humanitarian law related to the participation and involvement of third parties.

2.1. Analysis of the legal status of conflict parties and third parties under international law.

2.2. Discussion on the legal responsibilities and other obligations of third parties in the armed conflict.

2.3. Evaluation of the consequences of the third parties’ involvement in the international armed conflicts. The impact on the legality and legitimacy of the conflicts.

Chapter 3. Case study. Legal analysis of the involvement of third parties’ participation in the international armed conflicts.

3.1 International case: Syria’s Civil War and third-party state actors’ intervention.

3.2 European case: Russian invasion of Ukraine.

3.3. Summary of the chapter: humanitarian implications and consequences.

Conclusion

Bibliography

What I need:

Rewrite Chapters 1 and 2 so that:

All arguments rest on high-quality, up-to-date academic and science sources (please check the university requirements I will add at the end of this message)
Historical context in Chapter 1 is rich with landmark examples, development and evalution. Then clear definitions and description of IACs, NIACs, conflict parties, and third parties, can be also when NIAC become IAC, proxy conflicts.
Chapter 2 focuses strictly on jus in bello—how IHL governs, conflct parties, third parties, state and non-state third-party actions (arms transfers, financing, logistical support, my supervisor also advised highly to add how private actors are governed like SpaceX’s Starlink for Ukraine). Also please avoid any jus ad bellum or “Responsibility to Protect” discussions.
You integrate my supervisor notes: expand examples where asked, remove off-topic sections, and sharpen legal analyses.

Write Chapter 3 from scratch, applying Chapters 1–2 frameworks to:

Syria’s Civil War.
Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Timeline:

I need to present to my supervisor ready full draft prepared accordingly with university requirements at the beginning of July 2025, then supervisor will give me all notes, comments, info what need to be fixed or changed. And then I will need to represent again. My final defense planned to be on September 2025.

UNIVERSITY REQUIREMENTS:

1. Bachelor thesis

The thesis has to be written in English.

Structure

· Introduction: in this part you should introduce the topic and explain why you have decided to write about it. Do not provide personal reasons, focus on the relevance of the topic. Provide information on the structure of the thesis and indicate the main research questions. The introduction may also present basic literature review and should explain methodology of your research.

· 2 or 3 chapter of approximately 10 pages each – this is the main part of your thesis, you should include your analysis of the chosen topic in a way that will allow you to answer the research questions posed in the introduction.

· Conclusions: in this part you should present your main findings and answers to the research questions.

· The thesis should also include:

o An abstract

o Table of contents

o List of abbreviations

o List of used sources (bibliography)

Sources

The literature and other sources relevant to your research will depend largely on the topic. Please remember to use scientific research (books, journal articles etc.) rather than Internet resources.

Length of the thesis

Minimum 30, maximum 45 pages, excluding bibliography

Style guidelines:

Font: Times New Roman

Size: 12

Line spacing 1,5

Margins 2,5 cm

Plagiarism

The thesis is submitted for plagiarism and AI check. (max. 15% plagiarism level can be accepted in some way)

References

PLEASE USE THE OSCOLA SYSTEM (Oxford University Standard for the Citation of Legal Authorities).

4^th edition available online at https://www.law.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxlaw/oscola_4th_edn_hart_2012.pdf

Quotations

Quotations that are three lines or shorter should be incorporated in the text. Use ‘single quotation marks’, but if you need to sumbit your work to Turnitin, use “double quotation marks”.
Quotations longer than three lines should be an indented paragraph. Do not include quotation marks.

Footnotes

Put the footnote marker at the end of a sentence, unless for the sake of clarity it is necessary to put it directly after the word or phrase to which it relates
The superscript number should be after the full stop or comma, if relevant
Where more than one citation is given in a single footnote reference, separate them with semi-colons

Authors’ names

Give the author’s name exactly as it appears in the publication, but omit postnominals such as QC
If there are more than three authors, give the name of the first author followed by ‘and others’
If no individual author is identified, but an organisation or institution claims editorial responsibility for the work, then cite it as the author
If no person, organisation or institution claims responsibility for the work, begin the citation with the title
In footnotes, the author’s first name or initial(s) precede their surname
In bibliographies, the surname comes first, then the initial(s), followed by a comma

Titles

Italicise titles of books and similar publications, including all publications with ISBNs
All other titles should be within single quotation marks and not in italics
Capitalize the first letter in all major words in a title
Minor words, such as ‘for’, ‘and’, ‘or’ and ‘the’, do not take a capital unless they begin the title or subtitle

Pinpoints

Pinpoints to parts, chapters, pages and paragraphs come at the end of the citation
For cases, pinpoint paragraphs using square brackets, e.g. [23]. If pinpointing to more than one paragraph, separate the paragraph numbers in square brackets with a comma, e.g. [42], [45]. If citing spans of paragraphs, insert a dash between the first and last paragraph being cited, e.g. [1]-[37].
For everything other than cases, use ‘pt’ for part, ‘ch’ for chapter, and ‘para’ for paragraph
Page numbers stand alone, without ‘p’ or ‘pp’
If citing a chapter or part and page number, insert a comma before the page number
Where possible, give a specific range of pages but if you must refer to an initial page and several unspecified following pages, give the initial page number followed immediately by ‘ff ’ (eg ‘167ff ’)

Electronic sources (this does not apply to cases and legislation)

If you source a publication online which is also available in hard copy, cite the hard copy version. There is no need to cite an electronic source for such a publication
Citations of publications that are available only electronically should end with the web address (or ‘url’) in angled brackets (), followed by the date of most recent access, expressed in the form ‘accessed 1 January 2010’
Include ‘http://’ only if the web address does not begin with ‘www’

Dates

When a full date is required, the format should be ‘1 January 2016’
There is no need for ‘st’ or ‘th’ after the day
If something spans more than one year in the same century, the format is ‘1972-84’

Subsequent citations

If a citation is the same as the one immediately before it, you can put ‘ibid’ (followed by any differing pinpoints) in the footnote
If the citation is the same as another, you can use a shortened form, followed by a reference to the footnote and any differing pinpoints, e.g. Stevens (n 1) 110.

Cases

European Union legal sources

Official notices of the EU are carried in the Official Journal of the European Union (abbreviated to OJ). The letter ‘L’ denotes the legislation series, the ‘C’ series contains EU information and notices, and the ‘S’ series invitations to tender.

Legislation

legislation title | [year] | OJ series | issue/first page

Example:

Consolidated Version of the Treaty on European Union [2008] OJ C115/13

Regulations and Directives

legislation type | number | title | [year] | OJ L issue/first page

Examples:

Council Regulation (EC) 1984/2003 of 8 April 2003 introducing a system

for the statistical monitoring of trade in bluefin tuna, swordfish and big

eye tuna within the Community [2003] OJ L295/1

Council Directive 2002/60/EC of 27 June 2002 laying down specific

provisions for the control of African swine fever and amending Directive

92/119/EEC as regards Teschen disease and African swine fever [2002]

OJ L192/27

Note that the year precedes the running number in citations to Directives, but follows it in citations to Regulations.

Judgments of the European Court of Justice and General Court

PLEASE CONSULT:

Method of citing the case-law https://curia.europa.eu/jcms/jcms/P_126035/en/

EU cases registered at the European Court of Justice are given the prefix ‘C-‘
EU cases registered at the General Court (known as the Court of First Instance until 2009) are given the prefix ‘T-‘
For an unreported case, cite the relevant notice in the OJ. If the case is not yet reported in the OJ, then cite the case number and case name, followed by the court and date of judgment in brackets.
When citing an opinion of an Advocate General, add the words ‘Opinion of AG [name]’

case number | case name | [year] | report abbreviation | first page

Examples: Method of citing the case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union on the basis of the ECLI (European Case-Law Identifier)

Judgement of 9 February 2012 Luksan C-277/10 ECLI:EU:C:2012:65 paras 37-43

Oscola – citing case law:

Case 240/83 Procureur de la République v ADBHU [1985] ECR 531

Case T–277/08 Bayer Healthcare v OHMI—Uriach Aquilea OTC (CFI, 11 November 2009)

Case C–176/03 Commission v Council [2005] ECR I–7879, paras 47–48

Case C–411/05 Palacios de la Villa v Cortefiel Servicios SA [2007] ECR I–8531, Opinion of AG Mazák, paras 79–100

Decisions of the European Commission

case name | (case number) | Commission Decision number | [year] | OJ L issue/first page

Example:

Alcatel/Telettra (Case IV/M.042) Commission Decision 91/251/EEC [1991] OJ L122/48

Judgments of the European Court of Human Rights

Cite either the official reports, the Reports of Judgments and Decisions (cited as ECHR) or the European Human Rights Reports (EHRR), but be consistent in your practice. Before 1996, the official reports were known as Series A. References to unreported judgments should give the application number, and then the court and the date of the judgment in brackets.

Examples:

Johnston v Ireland (1986) Series A no 122

Osman v UK ECHR 1998–VIII 3124

Balogh v Hungary App no 47940/99 (ECtHR, 20 July 2004)

Omojudi v UK (2009) 51 EHRR 10

Cases from other jurisdictions

Cite cases from other jurisdictions as they are cited in their own jurisdiction, but with minimal punctuation. If the name of the law report series cited does not itself indicate the court, and the identity of the court is not obvious from the context, you should also give this in either full or short form in brackets at the end of the citation.

Examples:

Henningsen v Bloomfield Motors Inc 161 A 2d 69 (NJ 1960)

Roe v Wade 410 US 113, 163–64 (1973)

Waltons Stores (Interstate) Ltd v Maher(1988) 164 CLR 387

BGH NJW 1992, 1659

Cass civ (1) 21 January 2003, D 2003, 693

CA Colmar 25 January 1963, Gaz Pal 1963.I.277

Case citations including neutral citations

Example:

Corr v IBC Vehicles Ltd [2008] UKHL 13, [2008] 1 AC 884

Case citations without neutral citations

Example:

Barrett v Enfield LBC [2001] 2 AC 550 (HL)

Notes

If only one volume was issued during that particular year, do not give a number
Use square brackets for the year a volume was issued
Use round brackets for the year a judgment was issued
If you included the case name in the text, you do not need to include the case name in the footnote
Where there are multiple parties, name only the first claimant and first defendant. Where the parties are individuals, omit forenames and initials.

What are neutral citations?

Many courts now issue judgments with a neutral citation which identify the judgment independently of any law report. Neutral citations give the year of judgment, the court and the judgment number. The court is not included in brackets at the end of a neutral citation because the neutral citation itself identifies the court.

Where a judgment with a neutral citation has not been reported, give only the neutral citation.

Example:

Re Guardian News and Media Ltd [2010] UKSC 1

Where such a judgment has been reported, give the neutral citation followed by a citation of the most authoritative report, separated by a comma.

Example:

Corr v IBC Vehicles Ltd [2008] UKHL 13, [2008] 1 AC 884

Legislation from other jurisdictions

Cite legislation from other jurisdictions as it is cited in its own jurisdiction, but without any full stops in abbreviations. Give the jurisdiction if necessary.

Examples:

Accident Compensation Act 1972 (NZ)

1976 Standard Terms Act (Gesetz über Allgemeine Geschäftsbedingungen) (FRG)

loi n° 75-1349 du 31 décembre 1975 relative à l’emploi de la langue française

Books

Examples:

Timothy Endicott, Administrative Law (OUP 2009)

Gareth Jones, Goff and Jones: The Law of Restitution (1st supp, 7th edn, Sweet & Maxwell 2009)

If there is more than one author insert an ‘and’ before the last author’s name. The edition should be included where the book is in its second edition or beyond. If citing information from a specific page, add the page number directly after the reference. Example:

Gary Slapper and David Kelly, The English Legal System (Routledge 2016) 17

If a book consists of more than one volume, the volume number follows the publication details:

Andrew Burrows, Remedies for Torts and Breach of Contract (3rd edn, OUP 2004) 317

If the publication details of the volumes vary, the volume number precedes them, and is separated from the title by a comma:

Christian von Bar, The Common European Law of Torts, vol 2 (CH Beck 2000) para 76

Editors and translators

If there is no author, cite the editor or translator as you would an author, adding in brackets after their name ‘(ed)’ or ‘(tr)’, or ‘(eds)’ or ‘(trs)’ if there is more than one.

If the work has an author, but an editor or translator is also acknowledged on the front cover, cite the author in the usual way and attribute the editor or translator at the beginning of the publication information, within the brackets:

HLA Hart, Punishment and Responsibility: Essays in the Philosophy of Law (John Gardner ed, 2nd edn, OUP 2008)

Contributions to edited books

Example:

John Cartwright, ‘The Fiction of the “Reasonable Man”’ in AG Castermans and others (eds), Ex Libris Hans Nieuwenhuis (Kluwer 2009)

Encyclopedias

Cite an encyclopedia much as you would a book, but excluding the author or editor

and publisher and including the edition and year of issue or reissue. If citing an online encyclopedia, give the web address and date of access.

Examples:

Halsbury’s Laws (5th edn, 2010) vol 57, para 53

Leslie Green, ‘Legal Positivism’, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall edn, 2009) accessed 20 November 2009

Articles

If only one volume was published that year, use square brackets:

author, | ‘title’ | [year] | journal name or abbreviation | first page of article

Put a comma after the first page of the article if there is a pinpoint (the specific page you are referencing).

Example:

JAG Griffith, ‘The Common Law and the Political Constitution’ (2001) 117 LQR 42, 64

Online articles

When citing journal articles which have been published only electronically, give publication details as for articles in hard copy journals.

Note that online journals may lack some of the publication elements (for example, many do not include page numbers).
If citation advice is provided by the online journal, follow it, removing full stops as necessary to comply with OSCOLA.
Follow the citation with the web address (in angled brackets) and the date you most recently accessed the article.
Use square brackets for the year a volume was issued
Use round brackets for the year a judgment was issued

Example:

Graham Greenleaf, ‘The Global Development of Free Access to Legal Information’ (2010) 1(1) EJLT accessed 27 July 2010

Case notes

Treat case notes with titles as if they were journal articles. Where there is no title, use the name of the case in italics instead, and add (note) at the end of the citation.

Andrew Ashworth, ‘R (Singh) v Chief Constable of the West Midlands Police’ [2006] Crim LR 441 (note)

Websites and blogs

Sarah Cole, ‘Virtual Friend Fires Employee’ (Naked Law, 1 May 2009) accessed 19 November 2009

If there is no author identified, and it is appropriate to cite an anonymous source, begin the citation with the title in the usual way.

If there is no date of publication on the website, give only the date of access

Newspaper articles

Examples:

Jane Croft, ‘Supreme Court Warns on Quality’ Financial Times (London, 1 July 2010) 3

Ian Loader, ‘The Great Victim of this Get Tough Hyperactivity is Labour’ The Guardian (London, 19 June 2008) accessed 19 November 2009

Interviews

interviewer(s) if not yourself, | Interview with name, position, institution of interviewee | (location, date of interview)

Examples:

Interview with Irene Kull, Assistant Dean, Faculty of Law, Tartu University (Tartu, Estonia, 4 August 2003)

Timothy Endicott and John Gardner, Interview with Tony Honoré, Emeritus Regius Professor of Civil Law, University of Oxford (Oxford, 17 July 2007)

If the reference is to an editorial, cite the author as ‘Editorial’.

If you conducted an interview for the purposes of your dissertation, you do not need to cite it in your dissertation. If the transcripts of your interviews are in your appendix, you can refer to your appendix in brackets or a footnote, e.g.:

According to interviewee X (Appendix 1), the …

Or, you could cite it as a personal communication in a footnote.

Thank you—looking forward to a great collaboration!

Ace Your Assignments! 🏆 - Hire a Professional Essay Writer Now!

Why Choose Our Essay Writing Service?

🎓 Why wait? Let us help you succeed! Our Writers are waiting..

Get started

Recent Customer Feedback

See more customer feedback..

How our paper writing service works

Quick Links

Legal

Other