Tapping the Ocean’s Heat: A Critical Evaluation of OTEC’s Technical Viability and Global Potential

As the global pursuit of clean energy intensifies, marine renewable energy technologies have emerged as promising solutions. This section focuses on Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC), examining its operational principles, key advantages, limitations, and future potential. Compared to the other two technologies covered by this research team—tidal energy and offshore wind—OTEC offers unique benefits such as continuous and stable power generation, the co-production of freshwater, and minimal ecological disruption. These features make it especially suitable for tropical and energy-scarce regions. However, the technology also faces significant challenges, including high costs, relatively low energy conversion efficiency, and complex infrastructure requirements. This paper evaluates OTEC’s role in the global energy transition, highlighting the factors necessary to support its development, including technological advancement, policy support, and regional collaboration. Ps: While the focus remains on OTEC, a concise comparison with tidal and offshore wind energy is necessary to contextualize its relative strengths and limitations. though it does not need to be extensive.

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