Plagiarism All work must be free of any form of plagiarism. Put written answers into your own words. Do not simply cut and paste your answers from the Internet and do not copy your answers from the textbook.
Write a research paper on the topic, “Explain how state and local law enforcement agencies adjusted their operations after the September 11 terrorist attacks and assess the role of local police in providing frontline response leadership during homeland security incidents.”
Below are topics that the Proffessor would like in the research paper. He also wants page numbers referenced from the textbook, Understanding Homeland Security by Gus Martin, 2024 edition.
1. Include an important study that occurred in 2004 and the role of the internal security imperative.
2. Providing an example, as you mentioned, is good, and can supplement your discussion. The role of the CIA, FBI, DHS, etc. becomes supporting agencies to local and state programs, but the question wants you to discuss the operational shifts at the local and state levels.
Please consider the following, which can be found on pages 149-153:
1. Specialized units such as EOD, SWAT, and other mission-based units existed long before 9/11—what makes them different now?
2. Martin discusses the EKU Study, which identified some key operational conditions that warranted change and restructuring, and the role of the imperative for internal security.
3. Before 9/11, there were many departments already adjusting their operations to include counterterrorism, including the Pacific NW as a result of eco-terrorism, and the NYPD from the 1993 WTC threats. The problem was that many agencies were still too rigid and siloed.
4. What about JTTF? The JTTF is just one of the many integral functions of the new law enforcement paradigm, but they have been around since the 1980s. What is different about this Post-9/11? Again, these are the discussion points that are provided by Martin.
5. Considering the shift of the definition of Homeland Security Incidents to add areas such as cyber-terrorism and disaster response, how does this affect the mission of local Law Enforcement Officers? How do these changes define their functions, and what does a Homeland Security Incident look like (consider not just terrorism, but disaster response and other mission areas such as border control)? What does a Homeland Security incident look like for Law enforcement officers?