(Public Health Issue chosen: Diabetes Mellitus II and its cost effects on the healthcare system)The issue analysis is a
useful input for decision-making and creating actionable positive change in
health. In many cases, the evidence originates from the results of research
based on different types of designs used in the health field, including population
studies. For this assignment, you will be creating an issue analysis of an
epidemiological condition of your interest. You will do this by providing the
details outlined below.
The issue analysis
involves a systematic collection and study of health and demographic data,
study findings, and other contextual information in order to identify and
understand the specific health issue you seek to address.
The point of this paper
is not to propose interventions, but to use your epidemiological skills to
identify gaps. A professional in the field should be able to use your analysis
to propose potential interventions and create actionable change.
Your issue analysis
should contain the following elements:
Part
1: Introduction (2 -3 pages double-spaced and APA formatted)
In this section, you
will provide a description of your chosen disease or condition. Make sure to
include the following information:
·
State the disease you have chosen and the most important
associated rate of mortality or morbidity.
·
Explain the natural history of this condition, including
the incubation period (for infectious diseases) or the latency period (for
chronic conditions).
·
Describe the host, the agent, and the environment, which
may interact within the same ecological system and have contributed to this
condition.
·
Conclude this section with a problem statement. This
problem statement names the health issue, indicates who is affected, states
where and, if known, the extent of the problem.
·
Within the problem statement, please be sure to include the
population that is being studied.
Part
2: Quantification of Disease (2 to 3 pages double-spaced and APA formatted)
·
Provide data pertaining to the morbidity and mortality
rates for the condition you have chosen and in the country or geographic locale
you have chosen.
o
Research and/or calculate one morbidity rate (e.g.
incidence or prevalence) and
o
Research and/or calculate at least two mortality rates
(e.g. cause-specific mortality rate, gender-specific mortality rate,
race-specific mortality rate, etc.) for the condition in that county, state, or
geographic locale.
o
Please explain why race-specific mortality rate may provide
a more complete understanding of a disease than an all-cause mortality rate.
o
If the county is chosen, then compare this data to the
state or national level. If national data is chosen, then compare to another
country.
·
Review 2-3 observational health studies (cross-sectional,
prospective cohort, retrospective cohort, case-control, or experimental)
related to the disease, in which a measure of association (odds ratio or risk
ratio) for the disease is presented. The studies do not need to be based on the
geographic area you selected.
o
Explain the process behind how the authors of the
research-based health study concluded which measure of association to use. In
your explanation, specify all measures used to calculate the ratio (as
applicable: proportion, risk rate, and attributable risk) and a description of
what those numbers represent. Summarize the authors’ methods and their
findings.
o
Propose an optimal study design for your chosen condition
and explain what measure of association would be ideal for the condition.
Please include the selection criteria in the design selected.
·
Describe the condition you have chosen by person (racial
and gender distribution), place (geographic distribution), or time (Health
trends from one point in time to another).
o Present this information using two of the following (table, a graph, and/or a chart).
o Make sure to provide a narrative description of the table, graph, or chart
References
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2020).
National Diabetes Statistics Report, 2020.
National Institutes of Health (NIH). Diabetes Prevention
Program (DPP).
American Diabetes Association (ADA). (2018). Economic Costs
of Diabetes in the U.S. in 2017. Diabetes Care, 41(5), 917-928.
Tarride, J. E., et al. (2010). A Review of Methods Used in
Long-Term Cost-Effectiveness Models of Diabetes Mellitus Treatment.
PharmacoEconomics, 28(4), 255-277.
Wang, L., et al. (2009). Economic Aspects of Obesity and
Diabetes: An Integrated Framework. Journal of Health Economics, 28(3), 660-671.