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Introduce the topic, suggest a short thesis (see what thesis is at Purdue University web page and other resources) http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/557/01, or https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/713/1 
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Analyze the question, give necessary explanations related to the topic 
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Support your arguments by convincing analysis and argumentation and do not skip from one unsupported idea to the other 
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Develop the argument/ideas and give brief generalizations, conclusions on the analyzed topic 
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Avoid long citations, biographical and historical information, and the summaries of the plot unless necessary 
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Avoid broad generalizations such as “Many people are unhappy in the world. Unhappiness is a part of human life…..etc”- such ideas are too general and quite far from a literary analysis. See D. Livingstone´s essay for this (bibliography). 
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Summarize your arguments and give conclusions. Avoid general conclusions and impressions such as “E. Hemingway is good writer”, or “I enjoyed reading this short story.” Conclusion should be a summary of your research on the topic related to your thesis. 
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Do not plagiarize and use your own and creative analysis rather than a summary of other critics’ ideas however acknowledged 
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See more how to construct the argument, style, thesis and more at http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/557/01 
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For citatios, see http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/01/, or http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/15/